Terrain
Flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north/northwest; Balochistan plateau in west.
Climate
Mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in the north.
People
POPULATION & YOUTH (1:07)
Religions
Official Muslim 96.4%, Christian & Hindu 3.6%.
Economy
Decades of internal political disputes and low levels of foreign investment have led to slow growth and underdevelopment in Pakistan. Agriculture accounts for more than one-fifth of output and two-fifths of employment. Textiles account for most of Pakistan's export earnings. Other long term challenges include expanding investment in education and healthcare, adapting to the effects of climate change and natural disasters, and reducing dependence on foreign donors.
Living Conditions
Although the majority of the population lives in rural villages, many Pakistanis live in cities. The prosperous upper-class city people live in large, air-conditioned houses with the latest modern conveniences. Many Pakistanis continue to face major health hazards. Leading causes of death include malaria, childhood diseases (measles, diphtheria, whooping cough), typhoid, gastrointestinal problems, and respiratory infections.
DISPARITIES IN WEALTH (:36)
Government
Federal republic.
CIVILIAN & MILITARY LEADERSHIP (1:29)
US Military Presence/Support
From 2009-2014, the U.S. provided $4.38 billion in civilian support to Pakistan for various economic development, energy, education, community stabilization and health initiatives. Of that amount, more than $1 billion was targeted for humanitarian efforts following devastating natural disasters and conflicts. American efforts have substantially increased or improved the Pakistani power grid, infrastructure and schools.